Which type of CP is characterized by increased muscle tone and stiff movements?

Spasticity is characterized by increased muscle tone and stiff movements due to the hyperactivation of the stretch reflex. This results in muscles being excessively resistant to passive stretch, leading to difficulty with fine motor tasks as well as general mobility. Individuals with spastic cerebral palsy often exhibit an abnormal posture due to the uncontrolled muscle tightness, which can impact both movement and physical development. The presence of spasticity means that movements can appear jerky or stiff rather than fluid, which is a hallmark of this type of cerebral palsy.

In contrast, the other types of cerebral palsy involve different movement characteristics. Dyskinesia/Athetosis is characterized by uncontrollable, variable movements, while ataxia presents with difficulties in coordination and balance rather than increased muscle tone. Mixed types of cerebral palsy can involve symptoms from multiple categories, but it is spasticity that specifically denotes the presence of increased muscle tone and stiffness in movements.