Which of the following is an example of a structural-based feeding disorder?

Cleft lip and palate exemplify a structural-based feeding disorder because they involve physical anomalies that disrupt the normal anatomy necessary for feeding. Cleft lip refers to a split or opening in the upper lip, while cleft palate refers to a split or opening in the roof of the mouth. These structural malformations hinder a child's ability to create the suction required for breastfeeding or bottle-feeding, often leading to difficulties with intake, nutrition, and overall feeding.

In cases of cleft lip and palate, the anatomical challenges are directly related to feeding mechanics, as they can cause issues with achieving a proper seal for sucking, leading to inefficient feeding and potential nutritional deficits. This places cleft abnormalities in the category of structural-based feeding disorders, where the physical structure of the oral cavity plays a pivotal role in feeding proficiency.

Other options, while potentially influencing feeding or swallowing (like cerebral palsy and neurological conditions), often relate more to functional issues that can arise from motor or neurological impairments rather than direct structural anomalies affecting the anatomy involved in feeding. Ankyloglossia, while also a structural issue, does not have as significant an impact on feeding compared to cleft lip and palate. Therefore, cleft lip and palate stands out as a clear example of a