What is hypernasality primarily caused by?

Hypernasality is primarily caused by the failure of the velopharyngeal mechanism. This mechanism is responsible for closing the passage between the nasal cavity and the oral cavity during speech. When the velopharyngeal mechanism does not function properly, there is an inadequate seal, allowing an abnormal amount of airflow to escape through the nose instead of the mouth during the production of certain sounds, particularly vowel sounds.

This condition can result in a nasal quality of voice, where speech sounds overly resonant in the nasal passages. Typically, proper functioning of the velopharyngeal mechanism is essential for normal resonance during speech, and any structural or functional abnormalities in this area can lead to hypernasality. Understanding the role of the velopharyngeal mechanism is crucial for identifying and treating speech issues associated with this condition.