What does the term "language transfer or interference" refer to?

The term "language transfer or interference" specifically refers to the phenomenon where elements from one language influence the usage and structure of another language that a person is learning or using. This can occur in various ways, such as the transfer of vocabulary, grammar, pronunciation, or syntax from a person's native language to a second language they are acquiring.

For example, a Spanish speaker learning English might inadvertently apply Spanish pronunciation rules when speaking English, leading to an accent or mispronunciation that reflects those influences. This sort of transfer can occur at any level of language acquisition and is particularly common among bilingual individuals.

Understanding this concept is crucial in the field of speech and language pathology as it can greatly impact assessment and intervention strategies for individuals learning multiple languages or those who are bilingual. It can provide insights into specific challenges a learner may face, allowing for more tailored support.