Phonation problems in children with CP may result in which of the following?

Phonation problems in children with cerebral palsy (CP) can significantly impact the quality of their voice. A breathy or harsh voice is often a characteristic result of these phonation issues due to impaired control of the vocal folds. In children with CP, muscle control and coordination can be affected, leading to difficulties in smooth and coordinated vocal fold vibrations. This often manifests as a voice that may sound breathy, where there is inadequate closure of the vocal folds, allowing more air to escape during phonation. Additionally, a harsh voice can arise from strained vocal fold tension or irregular vibrations.

The presence of these phonation characteristics highlights the challenges that children with CP may face while trying to produce clear and consistent vocal sounds. Understanding these effects helps clinicians and educators support speech and communication development in these children through targeted interventions.